Possible involvement of the phloem sealing system in the acceptance of a plant as host by an aphid

Possible reasons for the rejection of some lines ofTriticum monococcum (Tm44 and Tm46) by the aphidSitobion avenae were explored. In allT. monococcum lines studied, whether unfavourable (non-host/resistant plant) or favourable (host/susceptible plant), the concentrations of hydroxamic acids, a family of aphid-resistance factors in cereals, were significantly lower than the levels in the favourable host-plantTriticum aestivum cv. Therefore, hydroxamic acids did not account for the host/non-host patterns observed. Phloem sap was collected by stylectomy from young seedlings of favourable and unfavourable plants. In non-aphid-resistant genotypes, the success in stylectomy, the proportion of amputated stylets resulting in long (>1 min) exudations, the average duration of exudation, and the final volume of sap exuded, were higher than in the aphid-resistant genotypes. It is concluded that aphid interference with the phloem sealing system of the plant is a likely mechanism of rejection ofT. monococcum lines Tm44 and Tm46 as hosts byS. avenae.     

粘附理论发展述评

对粘附理论的发展加以述评，主要包括机械连结理论、吸附理论、静电理论和扩散理论。     

根据植物—病原物互作控制烟草赤星病的途径

从世界主要产烟国家病害发生和变化的情况看。烟草赤星病在中国烟区有发生益广、病情和生产损失益重的趋势,未能根据发病规律施行控制、没有自己的抗病优质品种体系是其中的主要原因。根据植物—病原物互作的3个层次,可以从以下3方面研究探索病害控制的新途径:(1)利用病菌(Alternaria alternata)AT毒素作为致病因子的作用,在细胞或组织水平上胁迫筛选抗病性;(2)利用发生在寄主叶面的互作导误,通过种群强化把引起导误的起吸附抑制作用的病菌弱毒株和作为病菌侵染前行为制约因子的叶面微生物用于病害控制;(3)在群体、细胞和组织、基因控制3个互作水平上,探讨利用诱导抗性控制赤星病的途径。     

Os(CO)_5和OsH_2(CO)_4的电子结构-电荷自洽-离散变分-X_a法研究

本文用SCC-DV-X。法计算了O_5(CO)_6和O_sH_2(CO)_4两个分子的基态能级,Mulliken布屠分析,态密度和键级。O_s(CO)_5的最低空轨道与最高占据轨道的能级差为4.3eV,位于近紫外区。在O_s(CO)_5中,轴向羰基的σ轨道与O_s的dz~2之间足一种强排斥作用,电荷迁移计算说明σ馈键在O_s(CO)_5中起着重要的作用。对于O_sH_2(CO)_4,O_s的dz~2与H_2的la轨道,O_s的dxz轨道与H_2的1b轨道间的相互作用削弱了H-H,稳定生成O_s-H键。键级数据表明,O_sH_2(CO)_4在双聚反应中,轴向CO首先离解,而后是H的双核消除;CO的对位削弱键的影响效应要比H的强。     

沉积物和生物膜吸附阿特拉津的灰色关联分析

借助灰色关联度筛选出复合污染体系Cd2+/AT,Cu2 +/AT中沉积物和生物膜吸附阿特拉津(AT)的主要吸附位,包括活性组分铁氧化物(Fe)、锰氧化物(Mn)、有机质(OMs)及其交互作用,并建立主要吸附位与AT吸附量的多元线性回归模型.多元线性回归模型结果表明:Cd2+对AT的吸附表现为协同作用,Cd2+质量浓度为0.2mg·L-1时协同效应最显著；Cu2对AT的吸附表现为拮抗作用,抑制效应随Cu2+质量浓度增大呈逐渐增强趋势.Cd2+,Cu2+显著影响了活性组分及其交互作用对AT的吸附行为,活性组分之间的交互作用在AT迁移转化方面发挥着至关重要的作用.     

一类复合型合作竞争模型的全局定性分析

低密度时，竞争种群间存在一类复合型合作竞争模型，对该模型的全局定性分析表明：低密度时的合作能促进种群的共生，提高种群的环境容纳量。     

G protein βγ subunits: Central mediators of G protein-coupled receptor signaling

G protein betagamma subunits are central participants in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways. They interact with receptors, G protein alpha subunits and downstream targets to coordinate multiple, different GPCR functions. Much is known about the biology of Gbetagamma subunits but mysteries remain. Here, we will review what is known about general aspects of structure and function of Gbetagamma as well as discuss emerging mechanisms for regulation of Gbetagamma signaling. Recent data suggest that Gbetagamma is a potential therapeutic drug target. Thus, a thorough understanding of the molecular and physiological functions of Gbetagamma has significant implications.     

A conformationally isoformic thermophilic protein with high kinetic unfolding barriers

The basis for the stability of thermophilic proteins is of fundamental interest for extremophile biology. We investigated the folding and unfolding processes of the homotetrameric Thermoanaerobacter brockii alcohol dehydrogenase (TBADH). TBADH subunits were 4.8 kcal/mol less stable towards guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) unfolding compared to urea, indicating ionic modulation of TBADH stability. Strongly denaturing conditions promoted mono-exponential unfolding kinetics with linear dependence on denaturant concentration. Here TBADH unfolded >40-fold slower when extrapolated from urea as compared to GdmCl unfolding. A marked unfolding hysteresis was shown when comparing refolding and unfolding in urea. An unusual biphasic unfolding trajectory with an exceptionally slow phase at intermediate concentrations of GdmCl and urea was also observed. We advocate that TBADH forms two distinctly different tetrameric isoforms, and likely an ensemble of native states. This unusual supramolecular folding behavior has been shown responsible for formation of amyloidotic yeast prion strains and can have functional importance for TBADH. Received 9 November 2007; received after revision 19 December 2007; accepted 8 January 2008     

虚拟现实技术在企业自动化流程界面中的初步研究

初步研究了一种基于虚拟现实技术的新型企业自动化流程界面，并运用几何式虚拟环境构建法建立可交互的三维企业流程图模型－Virtual Workshop。配合漫游、按键、抓握三种手势，用户能在八个方向上自由地进行虚拟漫步。特别是采用虚拟仪表对数据进行定时采集和实时显示，并结合碰撞检测技术实现了对虚拟仪表的数据设定，以及抓握、移动、释放虚拟设备的三维交互功能。